Catechism of the Catholic Church

The Profession of Faith 221 Each particular Church is “catholic” 832 “The Church of Christ is really present in all legitimately organized local groups of the faithful, which, in so far as they are united to their pastors, are also quite appropriately called Churches in the New Testament. . . . In them the faithful are gathered together through the preaching of the Gospel of Christ, and the mystery of the Lord’s Supper is celebrated. . . . In these communities, though theymay often be small and poor, or existing in the diaspora, Christ is present, through whose power and influence the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church is constituted.” 312 833 The phrase “particular church,” which is first of all the diocese (or eparchy), refers to a community of the Christian faithful in communion of faith and sacraments with their bishop ordained in apostolic succession. 313 These particular Churches “are consti- tuted after the model of the universal Church; it is in these and formed out of them that the one and unique Catholic Church exists.” 314 834 Particular Churches are fully catholic through their com- munion with one of them, the Church of Rome “which presides in charity.” 315 “For with this church, by reason of its pre-eminence, the whole Church, that is the faithful everywhere, must necessarily be in accord.” 316 Indeed, “from the incarnate Word’s descent to us, all Christian churches everywhere have held and hold the great Church that is here [at Rome] to be their only basis and foundation since, according to the Savior’s promise, the gates of hell have never prevailed against her.” 317 835 “Let us be very careful not to conceive of the universal Church as the simple sum, or . . . the more or less anomalous federation of essentially different particular churches. In the mind of the Lord the Church is universal by vocation and mission, but when she puts down her roots in a variety of cultural, social, and human terrains, she takes on different external expressions and appearances in each part of the world.” 318 The rich variety of ecclesiastical disciplines, liturgical rites, and theological and spiritual heritages proper to the local churches “unified in a common effort, shows all the more resplendently the catholicity of the undivided Church.” 319 312 LG 26. 313 Cf. CD 11; CIC, cann. 368-369; CCEO, cann. 177, 1; 178; 311, 1; 312. 314 LG 23. 315 St. Ignatius of Antioch, Ad Rom. 1, 1: Apostolic Fathers, II/2, 192; cf. LG 13. 316 St. Irenaeus, Adv. haeres. 3, 3, 2: PG 7/1, 849; cf. Vatican Council I: DS 3057. 317 St. Maximus the Confessor, Opuscula theo.: PG 91:137-140. 318 Paul VI, EN 62. 319 LG 23. 814 811 886 882, 1369 1202